编程语言►Python

Python的安装与使用

安装pyenv

pyenv用来管理多个版本的python在用户目录的安装和使用。

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git clone https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv.git ~/.pyenv
vim ~/.zshrc

添加

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export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv
export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH
eval "$(pyenv init -)"

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➜  ~ source ~/.zshrc
➜  ~ pyenv -v
pyenv 1.2.2-14-gb95d0d9

使用pyenv安装python

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➜  ~ pyenv versions # 显示本地系统可用python版本(*为当前shell使用的python版本)
* system (set by /Users/apple/.pyenv/version)
➜  ~ pyenv version # 显示当前shell使用的python版本
system (set by /Users/apple/.pyenv/version)
➜  ~ pyenv install -l # 显示远程python的可安装版本
➜  ~ pyenv install 3.5.0 # 安装3.5.0版本python
➜  ~ pyenv versions
* system (set by /Users/apple/.pyenv/version)
  3.5.0
➜  ~ pyenv global 3.5.0
➜  ~ python -V
Python 3.5.0

使用实例

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➜  python vim python1.py
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#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

ten_things = "Apples Oranges Crows Telephone Light Sugar"

print "Wait there's not 10 things in that list, let's fix that."

stuff = ten_things.split(' ')
more_stuff = ["Day", "Night", "Song", "Frisbee", "Corn", "Banana", "Girl", "Boy"]

while len(stuff) != 10:
    next_one = more_stuff.pop()
    print "Adding: ", next_one
    stuff.append(next_one)
    print "There's %d items now." % len(stuff)

print "There we go: ", stuff

print "Let's do some things with stuff."

print stuff[1]
print stuff[-1] # whoa! fancy
print stuff.pop()
print ' '.join(stuff) # what? cool!
print '#'.join(stuff[3:5]) # super stellar!
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➜  python python python1.py
Wait there's not 10 things in that list, let's fix that.
Adding:  Boy
There's 7 items now.
Adding:  Girl
There's 8 items now.
Adding:  Banana
There's 9 items now.
Adding:  Corn
There's 10 items now.
There we go:  ['Apples', 'Oranges', 'Crows', 'Telephone', 'Light', 'Sugar', 'Boy', 'Girl', 'Banana', 'Corn']
Let's do some things with stuff.
Oranges
Corn
Corn
Apples Oranges Crows Telephone Light Sugar Boy Girl Banana
Telephone#Light

pip

pip是python模块(pypi)的包管理器。提供了对 Python 包的查找、下载、安装、卸载的功能。
配置pip源

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vim ~/.pip/pip.conf

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[global]
index-url=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com

使用pip

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➜  ~ pip list # 列出本地已经安装的pypi包
pip (9.0.3)
setuptools (18.2)
➜  ~ pip search requests # 搜索requests包
➜  ~ pip install requests # 安装requests包
➜  ~ pip download requests # 下载requests包

常用网站

官网：https://www.python.org/
pypi仓库：https://pypi.python.org/
django：https://www.djangoproject.comflask
flask: http://docs.jinkan.org/docs/flask
中文社区：http://python-cn.com
文档：http://docs.python.org
文档：http://pythondoc.com
文档：http://docs.pythontab.com
文档：https://yiyibooks.cn/
文档：http://effbot.org/